Abstract
Surgical treatment of patients with heart diseases with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with the risk of developing perioperative organ damage in them. At the same time, a disorder of the functional state of internal organs causes an increase in the length of stay of patients in the intensive care unit and the probability of a fatal outcome after surgery. Improving approaches to the prevention of organ dysfunction is a fundamentally important task of modern cardioanesthesiology, aimed at improving the safety of patients operated with CPB. This review presents the structure of organ dysfunction and the prevalence of each of its types in the early postoperative period in patients with cardiac surgery. The possibilities of pharmacological organoprotection with halogencontaining volatile anesthetics and levosimendan are described, as well as data from randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses indicating the presence or absence of clinically significant organoprotective properties of these drugs are presented. Alternative approaches to the prevention of organ dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients based on the modification of risk factors for organ damage, optimization of perioperative infusion therapy and improvement of blood circulation monitoring are highlighted.
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About the authors
Gennadiy V. Yudin, Cand. Med. Sci., Anesthesiologist-Intensivist;
ORCID
