Infected (mycotic) arterial aneurysm: methods of diagnosis and treatment

Authors: Bockeria L.A., Gasymov E.G., Abdulgasanov R.A., Gasymov T.G.

Company: Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation

UDC: 616.132.2-007.64
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1810-0694-2022-23-1-16-29

Cite as: Bockeria L.A., Gasymov E.G., Abdulgasanov R.A., Gasymov T.G. Infected (mycotic) arterial aneurysm: methods of diagnosis and treatment. The Bulletin of Bakoulev Center. Cardiovascular Diseases. 2022; 23 (1):16–29 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/1810-0694-2022-23-1-16-29

Received / Accepted: 25.03.2021 / 07.12.2021

Keywords: infected aneurysm endovascular surgery cardiovascular surgery sepsis

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Abstract

Infected aneurysm (IA) is a rare, but life-threatening pathology, associated with high mortality. The most common IA affects aorta and peripheral arteries, which followed by intracranial and visceral arteries. The most common etiological agents are Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Early diagnosis of IA is difficult due to the varied clinical picture; often, AI is diagnosed untimely. At the present stage, multispiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, being non-invasive methods of radiation diagnostics, have supplanted angiography as the method of choice in the diagnosis of IA. Doppler ultrasound allows to quickly and non-invasively diagnose IA of the peripheral arteries. Radiological signs of IA are: lobular or saccular form, indistinctness of the arterial wall, perianeurysmal edema of soft tissues. More rare signs are: perianeurysmal gas, aneurysmal thrombosis, calcification of the aneurysm wall. In certain cases, open surgery can be replaced by endovascular intervention: placement of a stent graft or embolization. Timely imaging and surgical/endovascular intervention are key factors in the successful treatment of AI.

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About the authors

Leo A. Bockeria, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, President; ORCID
Emil’ G. Gasymov, Resident; ORCID
Ramiz A. Abdulgasanov, Dr. Med. Sci., Chief Researcher; ORCID
Tamerlan G. Gasymov, Resident; ORCID

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Chief Editor

Elena Z. Golukhova, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery

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