Аннотация
Существуют клинические ситуации, в которых дисфункция вегетативной нервной системы с повышением парасимпатических влияний на сердце приводит к слабости синусового узла или нарушению проведения по атриовентрикулярному соединению. Такие пациенты, преимущественно молодого возраста, являются симптомными и требуют имплантации искусственного водителя ритма. В качестве метода лечения предложена альтернатива – кардионейроаблация (КНА), заключающаяся в катетерной радиочастотной аблации сердечных парасимпатических ганглиев. КНА имитирует М-холинолитический эффект на сердце, что позволяет применять ее у пациентов с брадиаритмиями и вазовагальными синкопе. Целевыми являются группы пациентов с функциональной природой нарушений ритма и проводимости, поэтому залогом эффективности является тщательный отбор кандидатов на проведение процедуры с верификацией достаточного «функционального резерва». В данном обзоре рассмотрены основы метода КНА, способы обнаружения и картирования парасимпатических ганглиев, области применения, преимущества и недостатки, а также перспективы развития направления.
Литература
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Об авторах
- Сергуладзе Сергей Юрьевич, д-р мед. наук, заведующий отделением; ORCID
- Мацонашвили Георгий Рафаэлович, канд. мед. наук, сердечно-сосудистый хирург; ORCID
- Кулумбегов Георгий Роландович, аспирант; ORCID